Used in the leather tanning industry to remove hair and lime from animal hides during the liming process. Commonly applied in the production of sulfur dyes for textiles, especially in manufacturing dark-colored fabrics. Serves as a precipitant in mining and wastewater treatment to remove heavy metals by forming insoluble metal sulfides. Utilized in the pulp and paper industry to break down lignin in wood during the kraft process. Acts as a reducing agent in various chemical manufacturing processes, including the synthesis of organic compounds. Employed in photographic processing and in the production of rubber chemicals.