Used in textile industry as a mordant to improve dye fixation on fabrics, especially for silk and wool. Acts as a crosslinking agent in the production of antiperspirants due to its ability to form complexes with aluminum salts. Employed in the synthesis of zirconia-based ceramics and refractory materials through sol-gel processes. Applied in tanning leather to enhance water resistance and durability. Also utilized in water treatment as a coagulant aid to remove impurities and suspended particles. Serves as a precursor in catalyst preparation for organic reactions.