Balovaptan is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It functions as a selective vasopressin V1a receptor antagonist, targeting pathways in the brain associated with social behavior and communication. Clinical studies have explored its ability to improve core symptoms of ASD, such as social interaction difficulties and repetitive behaviors. By modulating vasopressin signaling, Balovaptan aims to enhance social cognition and emotional regulation in individuals with ASD. Its development represents a promising approach to addressing unmet needs in neurodevelopmental conditions, offering a potential pharmacological intervention to support behavioral therapies.