Zymogram Renaturation Buffer is primarily used in gel electrophoresis for the renaturation of proteins, particularly enzymes, after they have been separated by SDS-PAGE. This buffer helps restore the native conformation and activity of proteins, which is crucial for subsequent functional assays. It is commonly employed in zymography, a technique used to detect enzymatic activity, such as proteases, within a gel matrix. By facilitating the refolding of proteins, the buffer allows researchers to study enzyme activity and identify specific enzymes based on their functional characteristics. This makes it an essential tool in molecular biology and biochemistry research for analyzing protein function and enzyme kinetics.