Used in leather tanning to stabilize collagen structure, improving durability and resistance to decomposition. Commonly applied in corrosion inhibition, where it forms protective layers on metal surfaces, especially in cooling water systems. Utilized in pharmaceuticals for its astringent properties, helping in treatments of minor skin irritations and gastrointestinal issues. Employed in wine and beverage industry to remove excess phenolics and reduce bitterness. Acts as a mordant in textile dyeing to enhance color fastness. Also used in adhesives, particularly for wood-based products, to improve bonding and water resistance.