Used in leather tanning to stabilize collagen structure, improving durability and resistance to decomposition. Employed in iron gall ink formulations for historical document preservation and calligraphy. Acts as a corrosion inhibitor in metal surface treatments, particularly in cooling systems and industrial coatings. Utilized in pharmaceuticals as an astringent for treating minor skin irritations and mucous membrane inflammation. Applied in wine and juice processing to reduce bitterness and remove haze-forming proteins. Serves as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in some food products and cosmetics. Also used in laboratory settings for protein precipitation and as a reagent in analytical chemistry.