Benzoic acid is widely used as a food preservative due to its ability to inhibit the growth of mold, yeast, and bacteria. It is commonly added to products like fruit juices, soft drinks, pickles, and condiments to extend shelf life. In the pharmaceutical industry, it serves as an antiseptic and antifungal agent in topical medications and ointments. Additionally, benzoic acid is a key precursor in the synthesis of various chemicals, including phenol, plasticizers, and benzoyl chloride. It is also employed in cosmetics and personal care products as a pH adjuster and preservative to maintain product stability.