Nonanoic anhydride is primarily used in organic synthesis as an acylating agent, introducing the nonanoyl group into various compounds. It is commonly employed in the production of esters, which are utilized as plasticizers, lubricants, and flavoring agents. In the pharmaceutical industry, it serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and other fine chemicals. Additionally, it finds application in the manufacture of surfactants and detergents, where it enhances the hydrophobic properties of the final product. Its role in polymer chemistry includes modifying polymers to improve their performance characteristics.