Ximelagatran is primarily used as an anticoagulant to prevent and treat blood clots. It is particularly effective in reducing the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation, a condition characterized by irregular heartbeats. Additionally, it is utilized for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries, such as hip or knee replacements. The drug works by directly inhibiting thrombin, a key enzyme in the blood clotting process, thereby preventing the formation of clots. Its oral administration offers a convenient alternative to traditional anticoagulants like warfarin, which require frequent monitoring. However, its use is limited due to potential liver toxicity, and it is not widely available in many countries.