Stilbamidine is primarily used in the treatment of certain parasitic infections, particularly those caused by trypanosomes and leishmania. It has been employed as an antiprotozoal agent to combat diseases such as trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis, where it targets the parasites by inhibiting DNA function, preventing their replication and growth. Additionally, stilbamidine has shown potential in research applications related to its binding properties with nucleic acids, making it a subject of interest in studies involving DNA and RNA interactions. It has also been investigated for its potential in treating certain types of cancer due to its ability to bind to cancer cell DNA and inhibit cell division. However, its use is limited due to the development of more effective and less toxic alternatives in modern medicine, and it may cause side effects, requiring close medical supervision.