Strong oxidizing salt for hair lightening and oxidative color boost; use in dust‑reduced bleach powders; brief, rinse‑off only.
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Strong oxidizing salt for hair lightening and oxidative color boost; use in dust‑reduced bleach powders; brief, rinse‑off only.
Ammonium Persulfate (APS) is a strong oxidizing salt widely used in hair lightener powders and to accelerate oxidative hair color processes. In bleach systems, persulfates (ammonium/potassium/sodium) oxidize chromophores within the hair shaft to enable rapid lifting when mixed with hydrogen peroxide developer.
In practice, APS is blended with other persulfate salts, alkalizers and processing aids to produce dust‑reduced powders that mix with a peroxide developer to a smooth, spreadable paste. Sound formulation controls dust and metal impurities to improve handling and stability.
Safety consensus for cosmetics use supports brief, discontinuous, rinse‑off applications (never leave‑on). Immediate‑type reactions (contact urticaria, respiratory symptoms) are documented occupationally with persulfate dust; minimize exposure by using low‑dust grades, ventilation and PPE. Keep on‑head APS levels moderate and processing times conservative.
Usage: Hair lightener (bleach) powders; high‑lift/bleach‑and‑tone systems as an oxidative booster (rinse‑off only)
Mixing method:
- Use APS in persulfate blends with alkalizers/buffers. Target working pH about 9–11 once mixed with developer.
- Control dust: use micro‑granulated or coated, dust‑reduced grades; process under local exhaust when possible.
- Stabilize with chelators (e.g., EDTA) to limit metal‑catalyzed decomposition. Avoid reducing agents/acids/solvents.
- Consumer mix: typical powder:developer by weight 1:1.5–2.5 with 3–12% hydrogen peroxide developer; process briefly, rinse thoroughly, shampoo/conditioner to neutralize.
Usage rate: 5–25% in bleach powder bases (formulator’s blend). Keep on‑head APS at moderate levels in the mixed paste and exposure brief; always follow local regulations and internal safety file.
Product characteristics: White crystalline powder; odorless
Solubility: Soluble in water; insoluble in oils. Decomposes in presence of reducing agents/contamination; keep metals low (use chelator).
Storage: cool, dry, tightly closed; segregate from incompatible materials. Oxidizer — handle with appropriate PPE and dust control; do not use on eyebrows/eyelashes; rinse thoroughly after use.
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