Sodium Citrate Buffer (0.5M, pH 8.0) is used to maintain a stable pH in biological and chemical processes, particularly in laboratories and medical applications. It is commonly applied in blood collection tubes as an anticoagulant to prevent coagulation by chelating calcium ions. This buffer is widely utilized in enzyme assays, electrophoresis, and other techniques requiring consistent buffering in the physiological pH range around 7-8. It also functions as a stabilizer in food and pharmaceutical products to ensure safety and efficacy. Additionally, it is frequently employed in RNA and DNA extraction protocols to protect nucleic acids from degradation.