Used primarily in biochemical research, D-(-)-Erythrose serves as an intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism studies. It plays a role in understanding enzymatic pathways, particularly those involving glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway. Additionally, it is utilized in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates and glycoconjugates, aiding in the development of novel pharmaceuticals and biomaterials. Its application extends to the study of sugar metabolism in plants and microorganisms, providing insights into metabolic engineering and biofuel production.