Used as a precursor in sol-gel processes for producing zirconia-based coatings and thin films. These coatings are applied on metals and ceramics to enhance corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and thermal insulation. Commonly employed in optical coatings due to the high refractive index of zirconia. Also used in the synthesis of catalysts and in the fabrication of ceramic membranes and sensors. Its solution form allows for easy application via dip-coating, spin-coating, or spraying. Plays a role in the production of specialty glasses and in the electronics industry for gate dielectrics.