Used as a precursor in sol-gel processes for producing zirconia-based materials, which are applied in coatings, catalysts, and ceramic films. Its solution form allows for easy handling and uniform film deposition via dip-coating or spin-coating. Commonly employed in the synthesis of mixed metal oxides for optical, electronic, and protective coatings due to its ability to form high-purity, homogeneous networks at relatively low temperatures. Also utilized in nanoparticle synthesis and as a crosslinking agent in specialty resins.