Agarose is widely used in molecular biology for gel electrophoresis, a technique that separates DNA, RNA, and proteins based on their size. Its porous structure allows molecules to migrate through the gel when an electric field is applied, enabling precise analysis and purification of nucleic acids. Additionally, agarose is employed in chromatography for the separation of biomolecules and in the creation of microfluidic devices for lab-on-a-chip applications. It is also utilized in cell culture as a 3D matrix to mimic natural environments for cell growth and tissue engineering studies. Its biocompatibility and gel-forming properties make it valuable in various scientific and medical research fields.