Glyoxalase I inhibitors are primarily used in research to study the glyoxalase system, which plays a crucial role in detoxifying methylglyoxal, a byproduct of glycolysis. By inhibiting Glyoxalase I, researchers can investigate the effects of methylglyoxal accumulation in cells, which is linked to oxidative stress, inflammation, and the progression of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. These inhibitors are valuable tools for understanding the biochemical pathways involved in these conditions and for exploring potential therapeutic strategies targeting the glyoxalase system. Additionally, they are used in drug development to identify compounds that can selectively disrupt cancer cell metabolism, offering a potential approach for cancer treatment.