Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase from galactose-adapted yeast plays a critical role in the metabolism of galactose, particularly in the Leloir pathway, where it facilitates the conversion of galactose into glucose-1-phosphate. This enzyme is essential for individuals with galactosemia, a genetic disorder where the body cannot properly metabolize galactose, leading to the accumulation of toxic substances. In research and clinical settings, this enzyme is used to study the biochemical pathways involved in galactose metabolism and to develop diagnostic assays for detecting galactosemia. Additionally, it is employed in biotechnological applications to produce modified sugars and to explore potential therapeutic interventions for metabolic disorders. Its use in enzyme replacement therapy is also being investigated to help manage conditions related to galactose metabolism.