Ethyl 5-chloro-2-iodobenzoate is primarily used in organic synthesis as an intermediate for the preparation of more complex chemical compounds. It serves as a building block in the development of pharmaceuticals, particularly in the creation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that require halogenated aromatic structures. The presence of both chlorine and iodine atoms on the benzene ring makes it a versatile reagent for further functionalization through cross-coupling reactions, such as Suzuki or Sonogashira couplings, which are essential in drug discovery and development. Additionally, it is utilized in the synthesis of agrochemicals, where halogenated aromatic compounds often play a key role in the biological activity of pesticides or herbicides. Its ester group also allows for further chemical modifications, making it valuable in the production of specialty chemicals and fine chemicals.