Used as a catalyst in organic synthesis, particularly in oxidation and epoxidation reactions due to its stable porphyrin structure and redox-active metal center. It serves as a model compound in biomimetic studies, mimicking cytochrome P450 enzymes for the selective transformation of hydrocarbons. Also applied in photodynamic therapy research and as a photosensitizer in light-driven reactions. Its strong absorption in the visible range makes it suitable for use in dye-sensitized solar cells and molecular electronics. Additionally, it functions as a fluorescent probe in analytical chemistry for detecting specific ions and small molecules.