Moclobemide is primarily used as an antidepressant in the treatment of major depressive disorder and social anxiety disorder. It works by selectively inhibiting monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), an enzyme that breaks down neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, thereby increasing their levels in the brain. This mechanism helps improve mood and reduce anxiety symptoms. Unlike older MAO inhibitors, moclobemide is reversible and does not require dietary restrictions, making it safer and more convenient for patients. It is often prescribed when other antidepressants, such as SSRIs, are ineffective or not well-tolerated. Additionally, it is sometimes used off-label for conditions like dysthymia and panic disorder. Its favorable side effect profile and lower risk of drug interactions make it a suitable option for long-term treatment in certain patients.