Ethyl 2-nitropropionate is primarily used as an intermediate in organic synthesis, particularly in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Its nitro and ester functional groups make it a versatile building block for creating complex molecules. In pharmaceutical research, it can be employed to develop compounds with potential therapeutic properties, such as antimicrobial or anti-inflammatory agents. In agriculture, it serves as a precursor for synthesizing herbicides or pesticides. Additionally, its reactivity allows it to be used in the preparation of fine chemicals and specialty materials, contributing to advancements in various industrial applications.