Used in research related to purine metabolism and as a precursor in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, including bronchodilators and stimulants. It serves as a foundational structure for drugs like theophylline and caffeine. Also utilized in studies involving xanthine oxidase activity, which is important in understanding gout and oxidative stress. Found naturally in the body and in some dietary sources, it plays a role in signaling pathways and is investigated for its antioxidant properties.