Nε-(1-Carboxymethyl)-L-lysine (CML) is primarily used in research related to advanced glycation end products (AGEs). It serves as a biomarker for oxidative stress and glycation processes in biological systems, particularly in studies involving diabetes, aging, and chronic diseases. CML is also utilized in food science to assess the extent of thermal processing and storage effects on proteins in food products. Additionally, it plays a role in investigating the impact of dietary AGEs on human health, especially in relation to inflammation and metabolic disorders.