Petesicatib is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in treating bone-related disorders. It functions as a cathepsin K inhibitor, which plays a crucial role in bone resorption. By inhibiting this enzyme, it helps in reducing bone degradation, making it a promising candidate for conditions like osteoporosis. This compound is particularly significant in postmenopausal women who are at a higher risk of bone density loss. Additionally, its application is being explored in other areas where bone remodeling is a concern, such as in certain types of arthritis and bone metastases. Clinical trials are ongoing to further understand its efficacy and safety profile in these therapeutic contexts.