Used primarily in microbiology for the selective isolation and differentiation of enteric bacteria, especially Salmonella and Shigella species from clinical and food samples. The medium inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and normal intestinal flora due to the presence of brilliant green dye, allowing target pathogens to grow selectively. Lactose fermenters appear as colored colonies, aiding in differentiation from non-fermenters like Salmonella, which typically form colorless colonies. Commonly used in food safety testing, water quality analysis, and clinical diagnostics for enteric pathogens.