Avoralstat (BCX4161) is primarily investigated for its potential in treating hereditary angioedema (HAE), a rare genetic disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of severe swelling. It functions as a plasma kallikrein inhibitor, targeting the underlying mechanism of HAE by preventing the overproduction of bradykinin, a peptide responsible for swelling and pain. By inhibiting kallikrein, it helps reduce the frequency and severity of HAE attacks, improving patients' quality of life. Clinical studies have explored its efficacy and safety as an oral therapy, offering a convenient alternative to injectable treatments. Its development represents a significant step forward in managing HAE, particularly for patients seeking non-invasive treatment options.