Milademetan is primarily used in the field of oncology as an investigational drug targeting certain types of cancers. It functions as a MDM2 inhibitor, which plays a crucial role in regulating the tumor suppressor protein p53. By inhibiting MDM2, Milademetan helps to restore the activity of p53, thereby promoting cancer cell death and inhibiting tumor growth. This makes it particularly relevant in the treatment of cancers that retain wild-type p53, such as certain sarcomas, lymphomas, and solid tumors. Clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate its efficacy and safety in patients, with a focus on its potential to improve outcomes in cancers that are resistant to conventional therapies. Additionally, its use is being explored in combination with other anticancer agents to enhance therapeutic effects.