Imatinib is primarily used in the treatment of certain types of cancer, particularly chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). It works by inhibiting specific tyrosine kinases, which are enzymes that promote the growth of cancer cells. In CML, Imatinib targets the BCR-ABL fusion protein, a key driver of the disease, effectively slowing or stopping the progression of the cancer. For GISTs, it inhibits the KIT protein, which is often mutated in these tumors, leading to reduced tumor growth and improved patient outcomes. Additionally, Imatinib is used in cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with the Philadelphia chromosome and in some dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans cases. Its targeted approach minimizes damage to normal cells, making it a cornerstone in the management of these conditions.