2-Methylbutyl chloroformate is used primarily as a reagent in organic synthesis, especially in peptide synthesis where it serves as a protecting group for amines. It reacts with amino groups to form 2-methylbutyl carbamates, which are stable under various reaction conditions but can be selectively removed (e.g., via acid hydrolysis or other deprotection methods). This property makes it valuable in multi-step syntheses, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry for constructing complex molecules. It is also employed in the preparation of esters and other derivatives in research laboratories. Due to its reactivity, it must be handled under anhydrous conditions and with appropriate safety precautions, including in a fume hood.