Used in bioconjugation processes to modify proteins and peptides, enhancing their solubility and stability. Commonly applied in pharmaceutical formulations to improve drug delivery and reduce immunogenicity. Acts as a hydrophilic linker in the development of targeted therapeutics and diagnostic agents. Widely utilized in surface modification of nanoparticles and medical devices to prevent protein fouling and increase biocompatibility. Also employed in hydrogel formation for tissue engineering and controlled release systems.