Used in vision physiology as the primary chromophore in rhodopsin and cone opsins, enabling phototransduction in the retina. Upon light absorption, it undergoes isomerization to 11-cis form, triggering nerve signals for vision. Also utilized in research on retinal diseases and as a precursor in the synthesis of vitamin A derivatives for dermatological treatments. Plays a role in studies of G-protein coupled receptors due to its involvement in the visual signaling cascade.